Taxable Income Calculator
Find out how much of your income is actually subject to federal tax. Enter your gross income, adjustments, and filing status to see your taxable income after deductions. Uses 2025 standard deduction amounts.
Your taxable income is the amount the IRS actually taxes, and it is usually much less than your gross income. The calculation follows three steps: start with gross income, subtract above-the-line adjustments to get your Adjusted Gross Income (AGI), then subtract either the standard deduction or your itemized deductions.
For 2025, the standard deduction is $15,000 for single filers, $30,000 for married filing jointly, $15,000 for married filing separately, and $22,500 for head of household. If your itemized deductions (mortgage interest, state and local taxes up to $10,000, charitable donations, medical expenses above 7.5% of AGI) exceed the standard deduction, itemizing saves you more.
For example, someone earning $85,000 filing single with no adjustments has an AGI of $85,000. After the $15,000 standard deduction, their taxable income is $70,000. That $70,000 is what flows through the tax brackets to determine how much federal income tax they owe.